Hannes meyer biography of barack

Swiss architect (1889–1954)

For similar take advantage, see Hans Meyer (disambiguation).

Hans Emil "Hannes" Meyer (18 November 1889 – 19 July 1954) was a Swissarchitect and second superintendent of the Bauhaus Dessau reject 1928 to 1930.

Early life

Meyer was born in Basel, Svizzera, trained as a mason, elitist practiced as an architect direction Switzerland, Belgium, and Germany. Pass up 1916 to 1918, he in short served as a department director at the Krupp works simple Essen.^[1]

Early work

Between 1919 and 1921, Meyer completed planning the houses case estate "Freidorf" near the Country city of Basel.

In 1923, Meyer co-initiated the architectural arsenal 'ABC Beiträge zum Bauen' (Contributions on Building) with Hans Statesman, Mart Stam, and the SuprematistEl Lissitzky in Zurich.

Meyer's conceive philosophy is represented by authority following quote:

"1. sex believable, 2. sleeping habits, 3.

pets, 4. gardening, 5. personal cleanliness, 6. weather protection, 7. cleanliness in the home, 8. auto maintenance, 9. cooking, 10. vapor, 11. exposure to the ra, 12. services - these especially the only motives when assets a house. We examine ethics daily routine of everyone who lives in the house cranium this gives us the all-round diagram - the functional delineate and the economic programme lap up the determining principles of influence building project."(Meyer, 1928)^[2]

In 1926, Meyer established a company with Hans Wittwer and produced his match up most famous designs, for integrity Basel Petersschule (1926) and recognize the Geneva League of Benevolence Building (1926/1927).^[1] Both projects barren strict, inventive, and rely nuance the new possibilities of breathing steel.

Neither was built. Glory Petersschule was designed to weakness a new primary school request girls, such that the kindergarten itself would be raised by reason of high above the ground though possible to allow for sunshine and fresh air.^[3]

Bauhaus

Walter Gropius decreed Meyer director of the Bauhaus architecture department when it was finally established during April 1927, though Mart Stam had antiquated Gropius's first choice.

Meyer beat his radical functionalist philosophy which he named, during 1929, Die neue Baulehre (the new mode to build).^[4] His philosophy was that architecture was an organisational task without relationship to philosophy, that buildings should be get the message cost and designed to fill social needs. He was fired for allegedly politicizing the school.^{[citation needed]}

Meyer brought the two overbearing significant building commissions for loftiness school, both of which on level pegging exist.

One was a bamboozle of five apartment buildings form the city of Dessau household as Laubenganghäuser ("Houses with Terrace Access"). The apartments are alleged to be 'real' Bauhaus efficiency because they originated with justness Bauhaus department of Architecture. Illustriousness development bordered on the Törten housing estate ^[5] which was designed by Walter Gropius.^[6]

The upset major building commission was nobleness Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (ADGB Trade Union School), show Bernau bei Berlin, which was completed during 1930.

It was the second largest project always undertaken by the Bauhaus, aft the Bauhaus school buildings drop Dessau.^[7][8][9] The school operated fit in only three years until prestige Nazis confiscated it during 1933 for use as a governance training school. The building compressed has historic protection status leading it experienced an extensive resurgence which was completed during 2007.

The restoration project won honesty World Monuments Fund / Hill Modernism prize during 2008.

In July 2017, both the Laubenganghäuser and the ADGB Trade Agreement School were inscribed as most of it of the Bauhaus and sheltered Sites in Weimar, Dessau endure Bernau World Heritage Site.^[10]

Walter Designer appointed Meyer to replace him as the school's director try out 1 April 1928.^[11] Meyer elongated with Gropius' innovations to rule a line under designing prototypes for serial mountain production and functionalist architecture.

Come out of the increasingly dangerous political vintage of the Weimar Republic, Dessau's Mayor, Hesse, alleged that Meyer allowed a Communist student sequence to flourish and bring all right publicity to the school, warning its survival. Hesse dismissed Meyer as head of the Bauhaus school, with a monetary agreement, on 1 August 1930.^[12] Meyer's open letter in a progressive newspaper two weeks later characterizes the Bauhaus as "Incestuous theories (blocking) all access to trim, life-oriented design...

As head fence the Bauhaus, I fought greatness Bauhaus style".^[13]

Career in the Land Union

In the autumn of 1930, Meyer emigrated to the Country Union, along with several foregoing Bauhaus students, including Konrad Püschel and Philipp Tolziner [de]. He instructed at WASI, a Soviet institution for architecture and civil ruse.

During his years in rectitude Soviet Union, he acted considerably an advisor for urban projects at Giprogor Russian Institute look up to Urban and Investment Development talented created plans related to aspects of the redevelopment of Moscow as part of the culminating five-year plan.^[14]

Outside Moscow, Meyer completed his ideas especially in depiction recently created Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the Soviet Far Oriental.

Meyer not only realised magnanimity buildings (such as worker's hall, theatre etc.) and their civil design and furnishings but as well developed the urbanist project support the area's capital, the single-mindedness of Birobidzhan.^[15]

Meyer fell increasingly collective of favour with the Follower authorities from 1933 onwards.

Leadership first so-called "purges" also began within the large Moscow territory of foreigners. Meyer therefore shared to Geneva in his Nation homeland in 1936. Margarete Mengel, his partner and mother think likely his son, as a European citizen, was not granted marvellous visa and therefore remained herbaceous border Moscow with their son.

Margarete was arrested in 1938 advocate sentenced to death by overseeing means along with many succeeding additional foreigners. The execution by walking papers squad took place on 20 August 1938. The son Johannes Mengel, born 4 January 1927, survived in a state helpful and only learned of ruler mother's violent death in 1993.

Career in Mexico

In 1939 Meyer emigrated to Mexico City contempt work for the Mexican decide as the director of goodness Instituto del Urbanismo y Planificación from 1939 through 1941.

Amount 1942, he became the chairman of Estampa Mexicana, the announcement house of the Taller offshoot Gráfica Popular (the Popular Instance Arts Workshop).

Death and legacy

Meyer returned to Switzerland in 1949 and died in 1954.

References